Indonesia has traditionally been a leading energy supplier in the Asia-Pacific. The country’s abundant resources have played a critical role in its economic growth, while contributing to higher levels of prosperity across Asia. However, rapidly rising domestic demand, ongoing subsidies, and declining production threaten Indonesia’s energy security. In this NBR Special Report, senior specialists on energy and geopolitics examine the key energy and environmental security challenges facing Indonesia and explore strategies for promoting greater access to energy while stimulating sustainable sector investment.